Clomid (Clomiphene): How it works, dosages, and what to expect

Clomid (clomiphene citrate) is a common fertility drug that helps trigger ovulation. Doctors usually prescribe it when irregular ovulation or anovulation is the main issue. It's taken early in the menstrual cycle to stimulate the brain's hormones and encourage an egg to mature and release.

Typical dosing starts at 50 mg daily for five days, often beginning on day 3, 4, or 5 of your cycle. If ovulation doesn't occur, doctors may increase the dose to 100 mg or 150 mg. Most treatment plans limit Clomid to about six cycles because evidence shows benefits mostly in the first few tries.

Side effects can include hot flashes, mood swings, bloating, and visual changes. A small number of people may have more serious effects like ovarian hyperstimulation or multiple pregnancy (twins or more). That's why clinics monitor ovulation with ultrasounds or blood tests while you're taking Clomid.

Clomid is also used off-label for men with low testosterone due to secondary hypogonadism. For men, lower doses over longer periods can raise LH and FSH, which helps increase natural testosterone and sperm production. Always follow a doctor's guidance—self-medicating risks wrong dosing and missed safety checks.

What to expect during a Clomid cycle

You'll usually get a baseline check—blood tests and possibly a pelvic ultrasound—before starting. During the cycle, your doctor may track follicle growth and hormone levels. If ovulation is confirmed, the doctor may time intercourse or intrauterine insemination (IUI) to improve chances of pregnancy.

Success rates vary by age and diagnosis. For younger women with ovulation problems, Clomid can lead to pregnancy in many cases within a few cycles. If Clomid doesn't work after several tries, doctors may suggest switching to injectable hormones, IVF, or checking other fertility factors like sperm quality and fallopian tube health.

Safety, prescriptions, and common questions

Clomid is prescription-only in most countries. A clinician checks for contraindications like liver disease, uncontrolled thyroid issues, or ovarian cysts before prescribing. Avoid alcohol and discuss other medications, as some drugs can interfere with Clomid's action. If you experience severe abdominal pain, visual disturbances, or sudden swelling, contact your clinician right away.

If you're trying Clomid, ask about monitoring plans, realistic timelines, and next steps if it doesn't work. Write down side effects and timing of intercourse or IUI recommended by your team. With clear communication and proper monitoring, Clomid can be a simple, first-line step toward pregnancy for many people.

Practical tips: start a prenatal vitamin with folic acid before trying to conceive, keep a symptom diary to track side effects, and avoid smoking. Time intercourse to your fertile window—two to three days before and day of ovulation gives the best chance. Expect pregnancy rates per cycle to be modest: roughly 10–15% for many patients, with higher cumulative chances across several cycles. Tell your doctor if you have irregular bleeding, severe pain, or no ovulation after dose adjustments. If needed, fertility specialists can offer next steps like injectable medications or IVF.